Sustainable Architecture of the Bazaar of Tabriz and its relation with the social and cultural aspects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v4i1.2014.33Keywords:
BAZAAR OF TABRIZ, SENSE OF PLACE, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS, SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTUREAbstract
ABSTRACT - Sustainable architecture aims to design buildings and infra-structures, such as squares and bazaars, adapted to the social, economic, cultural and environmental contexts of certain place. The practice of sustainable architecture contributes to sustainable development, therefore for the development of future generations. The concept must integrate not only bioclimatic strategies, but also economic, social and cultural facets. Sustainable architecture research is either carried while the designing process takes place (the present) but is also focused on the built environment through the historical time of a place (the past). The aim of this article is to bring to the academic discussion new perspectives on sustainable architecture and debate the relationship between the architectural elements and the social and cultural aspects by taking the Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex as case study. Infra-structures like Bazaars are geographically placed all over the world, from Turkey to Egypt, from Tajikistan to Iran. In Iranian cities, the bazaar keeps playing an important role as economic and social engine. Thus, research the main elements that keep the Bazaar of Tabriz so actively dynamic in the present will be discussed.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Alipoor, B. and Raeesolmohadesin, S. (2012). "INVESTIGATING SUSTAINABILITY FACTORS ACCORDING TO THE IMAGE OF IRANIAN BAZAAR (CASE STUDY: TABRIZ)". International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, 2 (4), 25-30.
Ashworth, G. and Graham, B. (2005). Senses of Place: senses of time. Wilshire: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Asquith, L. and Vellinga, M. (2006). "VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: THEORY, EDUCATION AND PRACTICE". Journal of Architectural Education, 63 (1), 160–161.
Bennetts, H.; Radford, A. and Williamson, T. (2004). "UNDERSTANDING SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE". Oxford: Taylor & Francis press.
Bodart, M. and Evard, A. (2011). "ARCHITECTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT". Louvain-la- Neuve: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.
Bucci, A. and Mollo, L. (2010). "REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA". Firenza: Alinea Editrice.
Correia, A.; Pinheiro, M. and Manuel, L. (2009). "SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN IN PORTUGAL: AN OVERVIEW". Renewable Energy, 34 (9), 1999–2006.
Daly, H. (2002). "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: DEFINITIONS, PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES". Retrieved 5/08/2013, from http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/ceea/archive/Framework/Daly_S D_Def_Priciples_Policies.PDF.
Edgu, E.; Unlu, M. and Mansouri, A. (2012). "TRADITIONAL SHOPPING: A SYNTACTIC COMPARISON OF COMMERCIAL ASPECTS IN IRAN AND TURKEY". in: M. Greene; J. Reyes and A. Castro (Eds.), Eighth International Space Syntax Symposium , Santiago de Chile.
Eldemery, I. (2002). "ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE: CULTURAL HERITAGE AND FUTURE CHALLENGES". Housing and Building Research Center. Egypt: Ministry of Housing and Urban Utilities.
Faghih, A. (2011). "THERMAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DOMED ROOF". Energy and Buildings, 43 (6), 1254-1263.
Faghih, A. and Bahadori, M. (2009). "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF AIR FLOW OVER DOMED ROOF". Iranian Journal of Science & Technology, Transaction B-Engineering, 33 (B3), 207- 216.
Falamaki, M. (1974). "ARCHITECTURE IN THE FULLNESS OF EXPERIENCE". Tehran: Faza. Falamaki, M. (1994). Revival of buildings and cities. Tehran: Tehran University Press, 147-152.
Farrelly, L. (2007). "THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ARCHITECTURE". New York: Fairchild Books. Gugu, S. (2009). Skywalks as Heritage: Exploring Alternatives for the Cincinnati Skywalk System. Master thesis, University of Cincinnati. USA, retrieved 5/08/2013, from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/.
Guy, S. and Farmer, G. (2001). "REINTERPRETING SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE: THE PLACE OF TECHNOLOGY". Journal of Architectural Education, 54 (3), 140-148.
Hanachi, P. and Yadollahi, S. (2011). "TABRIZ HISTORICAL BAZAAR IN THE CONTEXT OF CHANGE", Le patrimoine, moteur de développement/heritage, driver of development. Ateliers-débats-Session, retrieved 21/05/2013 from http://openarchive.icomos.org/1331/1/V-1-C- Article4_Hanachi_Yadollahi.pdf
Howlett, R.; Jain, L. and Lee, S. (2009). "SUSTAINABILITY IN ENERGY AND BUILDINGS". In Proceedings of the International Conference in Sustainability in Energy and Buildings (SEB’09), retrieved 5/08/2013 from http://www.academia.edu/179985/Sustainable_Architecture_in_the_United_Arab_Emirat es_Past_and_Present_-_ .
Ibrahim, N. and Mohamed, Y. (2005). "PERCEPTION OF LOCAL ARCHITECTS ON SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE IN MALAYSIA". Build Environment Journal, 2 (2), 49-65. Keshavarzian, A. (2007). Bazaar and State in Iran; the polities of the Tehran Marketplace. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kheirabadi, M. (2000). "IRANIAN CITIES: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT". New York: Syracuse University Press.
King, A. (1980). "BUILDINGS AND SOCIETY. ESSAYS ON THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT". London: Routledge & Kegan Paul published.
Mahgoub, Y. (1999). "ARCHITECTURE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES". Retrieved 5/08/2012, from The Architecture of the United Arab Emirates: http://victorian.fortunecity.com/dali/428/uaearch/uaearch1.htm.
Moosavi, M. (2005). "BAZAAR AND ITS ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT OF IRANIAN TRADITIONAL CITIES". In Conference Proceedings 2005 IRCICA International Conference of Islamic Archaeology, Tabriz: Tabriz Azad University, Faculty of Art & Architecture.
Nassehzade, S.; Mahdavi, F. and Mahdavi, J. (2011). "ANALYZING THE SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE OF TABRIZ BAZAAR IN IRANIAN TRADITION AREA". Cutting Edge Technologies & Concepts for Future Buildings. University of Applied Sciences.
Nik, A. (2011). "SUSTAINABILITY IN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OUTLOOK ON IRANIAN TRIBES". In 5th SASTech 2011, Mashhad: Khavaran Higher-education Institute, retrieved 21/08/2013, from http://5thsastech.khi.ac.ir/uploads/ARC-%20p%20-15_1795061087.pdf .
Pirnia, K. (1990). "ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE OF IRAN". Tehran: Elmo Sanat Publications.Pirnia, M. (2007). Styles of Islamic architecture, Tehran: Tehran Sorooshedanesh.
Sangsai, E.; Omrani, H. And Omrani, B. (2008). "HISTORY AND ARCHITECTURE OF TABRIZ BAZAAR". Tabriz: Sotudeh.
Sassi, P. (2006). "STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE". New York: Taylor & Francis. Shokouhian, M.; Soflaee, F. and Nikkhah, F. (2007). Environmental effect of courtyard in sustainable architecture of Iran (Cold regions) (Case study: courtyard houses in Tabriz), 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference on Building Low Energy Cooling and 969Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century. Soltanzadeh, H. (1993). Urban spaces in historical context of Iran. Tehran: Office of cultural research, 125-158.
Surat, M. (2009). "THE ROLE OF CLIMATE AND NATURAL ENERGY IN IRANIAN TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE". In Proceedings of the Regional Engineering Postgraduate Conference. Selangor: University Kabangsaan Malaysia.
Torkan, G. (2002). "INTRODUCTION TO TABRIZ. TABRIZ: TABRIZ MUNICIPAL". UN Documents (1987). Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, retrieved 21/08/2013, from http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm.
Weiss, W. and Westermann, K., (1998). "THE BAZAAR: MARKETS AND MERCHANTS OF THE ISLAMIC WORLD". London: Thames and Hudson, Publications.
Werner, C. (2000). "AN IRANIAN TOWN IN TRANSITION: A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE ELITES OF TABRIZ", 1747-1848 (Documenta Iranica et Islamica). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Ashworth, G. and Graham, B. (2005). Senses of Place: senses of time. Wilshire: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Asquith, L. and Vellinga, M. (2006). "VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: THEORY, EDUCATION AND PRACTICE". Journal of Architectural Education, 63 (1), 160–161.
Bennetts, H.; Radford, A. and Williamson, T. (2004). "UNDERSTANDING SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE". Oxford: Taylor & Francis press.
Bodart, M. and Evard, A. (2011). "ARCHITECTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT". Louvain-la- Neuve: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.
Bucci, A. and Mollo, L. (2010). "REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA". Firenza: Alinea Editrice.
Correia, A.; Pinheiro, M. and Manuel, L. (2009). "SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN IN PORTUGAL: AN OVERVIEW". Renewable Energy, 34 (9), 1999–2006.
Daly, H. (2002). "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: DEFINITIONS, PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES". Retrieved 5/08/2013, from http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/ceea/archive/Framework/Daly_S D_Def_Priciples_Policies.PDF.
Edgu, E.; Unlu, M. and Mansouri, A. (2012). "TRADITIONAL SHOPPING: A SYNTACTIC COMPARISON OF COMMERCIAL ASPECTS IN IRAN AND TURKEY". in: M. Greene; J. Reyes and A. Castro (Eds.), Eighth International Space Syntax Symposium , Santiago de Chile.
Eldemery, I. (2002). "ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE: CULTURAL HERITAGE AND FUTURE CHALLENGES". Housing and Building Research Center. Egypt: Ministry of Housing and Urban Utilities.
Faghih, A. (2011). "THERMAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DOMED ROOF". Energy and Buildings, 43 (6), 1254-1263.
Faghih, A. and Bahadori, M. (2009). "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF AIR FLOW OVER DOMED ROOF". Iranian Journal of Science & Technology, Transaction B-Engineering, 33 (B3), 207- 216.
Falamaki, M. (1974). "ARCHITECTURE IN THE FULLNESS OF EXPERIENCE". Tehran: Faza. Falamaki, M. (1994). Revival of buildings and cities. Tehran: Tehran University Press, 147-152.
Farrelly, L. (2007). "THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ARCHITECTURE". New York: Fairchild Books. Gugu, S. (2009). Skywalks as Heritage: Exploring Alternatives for the Cincinnati Skywalk System. Master thesis, University of Cincinnati. USA, retrieved 5/08/2013, from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/.
Guy, S. and Farmer, G. (2001). "REINTERPRETING SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE: THE PLACE OF TECHNOLOGY". Journal of Architectural Education, 54 (3), 140-148.
Hanachi, P. and Yadollahi, S. (2011). "TABRIZ HISTORICAL BAZAAR IN THE CONTEXT OF CHANGE", Le patrimoine, moteur de développement/heritage, driver of development. Ateliers-débats-Session, retrieved 21/05/2013 from http://openarchive.icomos.org/1331/1/V-1-C- Article4_Hanachi_Yadollahi.pdf
Howlett, R.; Jain, L. and Lee, S. (2009). "SUSTAINABILITY IN ENERGY AND BUILDINGS". In Proceedings of the International Conference in Sustainability in Energy and Buildings (SEB’09), retrieved 5/08/2013 from http://www.academia.edu/179985/Sustainable_Architecture_in_the_United_Arab_Emirat es_Past_and_Present_-_ .
Ibrahim, N. and Mohamed, Y. (2005). "PERCEPTION OF LOCAL ARCHITECTS ON SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE IN MALAYSIA". Build Environment Journal, 2 (2), 49-65. Keshavarzian, A. (2007). Bazaar and State in Iran; the polities of the Tehran Marketplace. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kheirabadi, M. (2000). "IRANIAN CITIES: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT". New York: Syracuse University Press.
King, A. (1980). "BUILDINGS AND SOCIETY. ESSAYS ON THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT". London: Routledge & Kegan Paul published.
Mahgoub, Y. (1999). "ARCHITECTURE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES". Retrieved 5/08/2012, from The Architecture of the United Arab Emirates: http://victorian.fortunecity.com/dali/428/uaearch/uaearch1.htm.
Moosavi, M. (2005). "BAZAAR AND ITS ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT OF IRANIAN TRADITIONAL CITIES". In Conference Proceedings 2005 IRCICA International Conference of Islamic Archaeology, Tabriz: Tabriz Azad University, Faculty of Art & Architecture.
Nassehzade, S.; Mahdavi, F. and Mahdavi, J. (2011). "ANALYZING THE SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE OF TABRIZ BAZAAR IN IRANIAN TRADITION AREA". Cutting Edge Technologies & Concepts for Future Buildings. University of Applied Sciences.
Nik, A. (2011). "SUSTAINABILITY IN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OUTLOOK ON IRANIAN TRIBES". In 5th SASTech 2011, Mashhad: Khavaran Higher-education Institute, retrieved 21/08/2013, from http://5thsastech.khi.ac.ir/uploads/ARC-%20p%20-15_1795061087.pdf .
Pirnia, K. (1990). "ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE OF IRAN". Tehran: Elmo Sanat Publications.Pirnia, M. (2007). Styles of Islamic architecture, Tehran: Tehran Sorooshedanesh.
Sangsai, E.; Omrani, H. And Omrani, B. (2008). "HISTORY AND ARCHITECTURE OF TABRIZ BAZAAR". Tabriz: Sotudeh.
Sassi, P. (2006). "STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE". New York: Taylor & Francis. Shokouhian, M.; Soflaee, F. and Nikkhah, F. (2007). Environmental effect of courtyard in sustainable architecture of Iran (Cold regions) (Case study: courtyard houses in Tabriz), 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference on Building Low Energy Cooling and 969Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century. Soltanzadeh, H. (1993). Urban spaces in historical context of Iran. Tehran: Office of cultural research, 125-158.
Surat, M. (2009). "THE ROLE OF CLIMATE AND NATURAL ENERGY IN IRANIAN TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE". In Proceedings of the Regional Engineering Postgraduate Conference. Selangor: University Kabangsaan Malaysia.
Torkan, G. (2002). "INTRODUCTION TO TABRIZ. TABRIZ: TABRIZ MUNICIPAL". UN Documents (1987). Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, retrieved 21/08/2013, from http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm.
Weiss, W. and Westermann, K., (1998). "THE BAZAAR: MARKETS AND MERCHANTS OF THE ISLAMIC WORLD". London: Thames and Hudson, Publications.
Werner, C. (2000). "AN IRANIAN TOWN IN TRANSITION: A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE ELITES OF TABRIZ", 1747-1848 (Documenta Iranica et Islamica). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Downloads
Published
2014-02-08
Issue
Section
Peer Reviewed Research Manuscript
License
Copyright (c) 2014 A. Mohammadi Kalan, E. Oliveira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author(s) hold complete right on the content of this article. Copyright to the content are governed as per Copyright Policy of the Journal.
How to Cite
Kalan, A.M. and Oliveira, E. (2014) “Sustainable Architecture of the Bazaar of Tabriz and its relation with the social and cultural aspects”, IARS’ International Research Journal, 4(1). doi:10.51611/iars.irj.v4i1.2014.33.
